According to the National Reading Panel, what are the five key components of reading instruction?

The five key components of reading instruction identified by the National Reading Panel are phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.

Phonemic awareness refers to the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words, fostering the foundational skills needed for reading. Phonics involves the relationship between sounds and their corresponding letters or letter patterns, which helps learners decode words. Fluency is the ability to read texts accurately and quickly, which is crucial for comprehension. Vocabulary encompasses the words students must know to understand what they read. Lastly, comprehension is the ability to understand and interpret what is read, an essential goal of reading instruction.

The other choices include components like creativity or grammar, which, while important in language arts, do not align with the specific five components highlighted by the National Reading Panel focused on effective reading instruction.