How can adult volunteers best support students' development of prosody during fluency warm-up activities?

Modeling appropriate oral reading of a target poem and engaging students in echo reading is the most effective way for adult volunteers to support students' development of prosody during fluency warm-up activities. Prosody involves the rhythm, intonation, and expression used in spoken language; it is crucial for comprehension and engaging with the text effectively.

When adults model oral reading, they provide students with an example of how to convey meaning through voice modulation, pacing, and expression. This modeling helps students hear the nuances of fluent reading and understand how prosody enhances the reading experience. Engaging in echo reading further reinforces this by allowing students to practice immediately after hearing the model. This replication helps them internalize the prosody elements, enabling them to improve their fluency and expressiveness in reading.

The other options do not facilitate prosody development as effectively. Independent worksheets may lack the necessary oral practice and interaction. Offering prizes for volume can encourage loud reading without focusing on the essential elements of prosody, such as expression and pacing. Allowing students to choose their own poems to read aloud may be beneficial for engagement but does not directly address the modeling and practice needed for developing prosody in a structured way.