Which question would most effectively assess students' inferential comprehension during a geography unit?

The choice that most effectively assesses students' inferential comprehension during a geography unit is the one that requires students to think critically and make connections based on their understanding of concepts. The selected question prompts students to analyze the relationship between industry and water resources, encouraging them to draw upon knowledge and reasoning skills to infer the reasons behind the benefits.

This question goes beyond simply recalling factual information; it challenges students to connect their understanding of geographical features with economic and industrial implications. In this way, it expects them to engage in deeper thinking about how physical geography impacts human activities and decisions, making it a strong measure of inferential comprehension.

The other options primarily focus on recalling factual information or definitions, which do not require the same level of critical analysis and reasoning. Identifying types of bodies of water or explaining a term like "human settlements" centers on recognition and memory, while the question about how rivers influence climate, although more open-ended, does not explicitly tie to a human activity like industry.